Enhancing resilience in distributed networks in the face of malicious agents is an important problem for which many key theoretical results and applications require further development and characterization. This work focuses on the problem of distributed optimization in multi-agent cyberphysical systems, where a legitimate agent's dynamic is influenced both by the values it receives from potentially malicious neighboring agents, and by its own self-serving target function. We develop a new algorithmic and analytical framework to achieve resilience for the class of problems where stochastic values of trust between agents exist and can be exploited. In this case we show that convergence to the true global optimal point can be recovered, both in mean and almost surely, even in the presence of malicious agents. Furthermore, we provide expected convergence rate guarantees in the form of upper bounds on the expected squared distance to the optimal value. Finally, we present numerical results that validate the analytical convergence guarantees we present in this paper even when the malicious agents compose the majority of agents in the network.

We derive a learning framework to generate routing/pickup policies for a fleet of vehicles tasked with servicing stochastically appearing requests on a city map. We focus on policies that 1) give rise to coordination amongst the vehicles, thereby reducing wait times for servicing requests, 2) are non-myopic, considering a-priori unknown potential future requests, and 3) can adapt to changes in the underlying demand distribution. Specifically, we are interested in adapting to fluctuations of actual demand conditions in urban environments, such as on-peak vs. off-peak hours. We achieve this through a combination of (i) online play, a lookahead optimization method that improves the performance of rollout methods via an approximate policy iteration step, and (ii) an offline approximation scheme that allows for adapting to changes in the underlying demand model. In particular, we achieve adaptivity of our learned policy to different demand distributions by quantifying a region of validity using the q-valid radius of a Wasserstein Ambiguity Set. We propose a mechanism for switching the originally trained offline approximation when the current demand is outside the original validity region. In this case, we propose to use an offline architecture, trained on a historical demand model that is closer to the current demand in terms of Wasserstein distance. We learn routing and pickup policies over real taxicab requests in downtown San Francisco with high variability between on-peak and off-peak hours, demonstrating the ability of our method to adapt to real fluctuation in demand distributions. Our numerical results demonstrate that our method outperforms rollout-based reinforcement learning, as well as several benchmarks based on classical methods from the field of operations research.

我们为对抗性多机器人群众跨任务中的决策制定开发了一个有弹性的二进制假设测试框架。该框架利用机器人之间的随机信任观察，以在集中式融合中心（FC）中得出可进行的弹性决策，即使I）在网络中存在恶意机器人，其数量可能大于合法机器人的数量，并且II ）FC使用所有机器人的一次性噪声测量。我们得出两种算法来实现这一目标。第一个是两个阶段方法（2SA），该方法基于收到的信任观察估算机器人的合法性，并证明在最严重的恶意攻击中可最大程度地减少检测错误的可能性。在这里，恶意机器人的比例是已知但任意的。对于不明的恶意机器人，我们开发了对抗性的广义似然比测试（A-GLRT），该测试（A-GLRT）都使用报告的机器人测量和信任观察来估计机器人的可信赖性，其报告策略以及同时的正确假设。我们利用特殊的问题结构表明，尽管有几个未知的问题参数，但这种方法仍然可以计算处理。我们在硬件实验中部署了这两种算法，其中一组机器人会在模拟道路网络上进行交通状况的人群，但仍会受到SYBIL攻击的方式。我们从实际通信信号中提取每个机器人的信任观察结果，这些信号提供有关发件人独特性的统计信息。我们表明，即使恶意机器人在大多数情况下，FC也可以将检测误差的可能性降低到2SA和A-GLRT的30.5％和29％。

我们考虑一个集中检测问题，传感器对集中式融合中心进行嘈杂的测量和间歇性连接。传感器可以在预定的传感器集群内本地协作，并融合它们的噪声传感器数据，以达到每个簇中检测到的事件的公共常见估计。每个传感器集群的连接性是间歇性的，并且取决于传感器到融合中心的可用通信机会。在接收到所有连接的传感器集群的估计后，融合中心熔化所接收的估计，以对部署区域进行最终确定事件的发生。我们将该混合通信方案称为云集群架构。我们提出了一种用于优化每个群集的决策规则的方法，并分析由混合动力方案产生的预期检测性能。我们的方法是易行的并且解决了异构传感器和集群检测质量，其通信机会的异质性以及损失功能的非凸起引起的高计算复杂性。我们的分析表明，在用云的低传感器通信概率的情况下，聚类传感器为噪声提供弹性。对于较大的簇，即使使用我们的云集群架构，甚至可以获得低通信概率的检测性能的急剧提高。

本文介绍了WiFi传感器 - 机器人（WSR）工具箱，一个开源C ++框架。它使团队中的机器人能够在彼此获得相对的轴承，即使在非思考（NLOS）设置中也是机器人中非常具有挑战性的问题。通过分析其传送的WiFi信号的阶段，因为机器人遍历环境来实现。基于我们的先前作品中开发的理论的这种能力是首次提供的作为OpenSource工具。它是由于缺乏使用机器人的本地资源（例如WiFi）来在NLOS中感测的易于部署的解决方案。这对多个机器人团队中的本地化，ad-hoc机器人网络和安全性有影响。工具箱专为使用商品硬件和车载传感器的机器人平台上分布式和在线部署而设计。我们还释放数据集，展示其在NLOS中的性能以及用于多机器人本地化USECASE的MOLICE中的表现。经验结果表明，我们的工具箱的轴承估计达到了5.10度的平均精度。在室内办公环境中的硬件部署中，这分别导致LOS和NLOS设置中的0.5米和0.9米的中值误差为0.5米和0.9米。

在本文中，我们推导了机器人来测量相对方向或到达角度（AOA）的新能力，以在非视线和未映射的环境中运行的其他机器人，而无需外部基础架构。我们通过捕获WiFi信号在从发送到接收机器人时遍历的所有路径来这样做，这是我们术语AOA简档。当机器人在3D空间中移动时，关键直觉是“在空中模拟空气中的天线阵列”，一种类似于合成孔径雷达（SAR）的方法。主要贡献包括i）一个框架，以适应任意3D轨迹的框架，以及所有机器人的持续移动性，而计算AOA配置文件和II）随附的分析，其提供了作为机器人轨迹的函数的AOA估计方差的较低限制基于Cramer Rao绑定的几何。这是一个关键的区别与先前的SAR的工作，限制机器人移动到规定的运动模式，不概括到3D空间，和/或在数据采集时段期间需要将机器人发送到静态。我们的方法导致更准确的AOA配置文件，从而更好地估计，并正式地将该观察表征为轨迹的信息性;我们推导出封闭形式的可计算量。所有理论发展都是通过广泛的模拟和硬件实验证实的。我们还表明，我们的配方可以与现成的轨迹估计传感器一起使用。最后，我们展示了我们系统对多机器人动态集合任务的表现。

我们在执行姿势图优化（PGO）的机器人团队中提供了一份新颖的合作框架，该团队解决了解决多机器人SLAM的两个重要挑战：i）通过在不使用地图的情况下通过活动的Rendezvous实现信息交换“按需”的两个重要挑战机器人的位置和ii）拒绝偏远的测量。我们的主要洞察力是利用机器人之间的通信信道中存在的相对位置数据来提高PGO的基地精度。我们开发一种用于将信道状态信息（CSI）与多机器人PGO集成的算法和实验框架;它是分布式的，适用于低灯或无特色环境，传统传感器经常失败。我们对实际机器人提供了广泛的实验结果，并观察了使用活跃的Rendezvous导致在地面真理姿势错误的64％减少中，使用CSI观察援助异常拒绝将地面真理造成错误减少32％。这些结果表明，将通信作为新颖的Slam传感器集成的可能性。

The need for data privacy and security -- enforced through increasingly strict data protection regulations -- renders the use of healthcare data for machine learning difficult. In particular, the transfer of data between different hospitals is often not permissible and thus cross-site pooling of data not an option. The Personal Health Train (PHT) paradigm proposed within the GO-FAIR initiative implements an 'algorithm to the data' paradigm that ensures that distributed data can be accessed for analysis without transferring any sensitive data. We present PHT-meDIC, a productively deployed open-source implementation of the PHT concept. Containerization allows us to easily deploy even complex data analysis pipelines (e.g, genomics, image analysis) across multiple sites in a secure and scalable manner. We discuss the underlying technological concepts, security models, and governance processes. The implementation has been successfully applied to distributed analyses of large-scale data, including applications of deep neural networks to medical image data.

Video synthesis methods rapidly improved in recent years, allowing easy creation of synthetic humans. This poses a problem, especially in the era of social media, as synthetic videos of speaking humans can be used to spread misinformation in a convincing manner. Thus, there is a pressing need for accurate and robust deepfake detection methods, that can detect forgery techniques not seen during training. In this work, we explore whether this can be done by leveraging a multi-modal, out-of-domain backbone trained in a self-supervised manner, adapted to the video deepfake domain. We propose FakeOut; a novel approach that relies on multi-modal data throughout both the pre-training phase and the adaption phase. We demonstrate the efficacy and robustness of FakeOut in detecting various types of deepfakes, especially manipulations which were not seen during training. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results in cross-manipulation and cross-dataset generalization. This study shows that, perhaps surprisingly, training on out-of-domain videos (i.e., videos with no speaking humans), can lead to better deepfake detection systems. Code is available on GitHub.

Effective conservation of maritime environments and wildlife management of endangered species require the implementation of efficient, accurate and scalable solutions for environmental monitoring. Ecoacoustics offers the advantages of non-invasive, long-duration sampling of environmental sounds and has the potential to become the reference tool for biodiversity surveying. However, the analysis and interpretation of acoustic data is a time-consuming process that often requires a great amount of human supervision. This issue might be tackled by exploiting modern techniques for automatic audio signal analysis, which have recently achieved impressive performance thanks to the advances in deep learning research. In this paper we show that convolutional neural networks can indeed significantly outperform traditional automatic methods in a challenging detection task: identification of dolphin whistles from underwater audio recordings. The proposed system can detect signals even in the presence of ambient noise, at the same time consistently reducing the likelihood of producing false positives and false negatives. Our results further support the adoption of artificial intelligence technology to improve the automatic monitoring of marine ecosystems.